文 |吴浩旖 施毅敏

By Wu haoyi & Shi Yimin

北京冬奥会即将落下帷幕，本届冬奥会中的“广东身影”也顺利实现了他们的目标。从“冬运见金”到“冬奥见人”，背后是无数冰雪人的努力，也是冰雪运动在广东生根的有力见证。

As the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games draw to a close, the Cantonese athletes have successfully achieved their goals for the Olympics. Countless ice-and-snow athletes and practitioners havemadegreat efforts to "win gold in the National Winter Games", and then to "participate in the Winter Olympics". This is also a powerful testimony that snow sports have taken root in Guangdong.

来自广东湛江的00后小将彭俊越和队友黄叶波参与了雪橇项目双人以及团体接力的两项比赛。在雪橇双人项目中，他们以2分01.572秒（排名第17位）的成绩完成比赛，15岁前都没有见过雪的彭俊越就此创造了广东在冰雪项目的新历史。

Peng Junyue, a young athlete from Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, participated in the two-man and four-man bobsleigh with his teammate Huang Yebo. They finished with a time of 2:01.572 in two-man and ranked 17th. Thus, Peng has made the history of Team Guangdong in the ice and snow projects, although he had never even seen the snow before his 15.

2月9日，中国选手黄叶波和彭俊越在北京冬奥会男子双人雪橇比赛中。图源新华社

Chinese athletes Huang Yebo and Peng Junyue in two-man bobsleigh of Beijing 2022, 9th Feb. Shot by Xinhua News Agency

而冬奥赛场上的中国女子冰球队，其中有16名广东籍运动员。时隔12年重返冬奥会赛场的中国女子冰球队，平均年龄只有24岁。尽管以微弱劣势无缘八强，但接连战胜世界前10位的对手已经向世界显示了她们的潜力与拼搏精神。

As for China’s women’s ice hockey team in Beijing, there are also 16 Cantonese athletes. Returning to the Winter Olympics after 12 years, the team’s average age is only 24 years old. Despite missing the quarter-final by a whisker, they have shown the world their potential and fighting spirit by the successive victories over the world's top 10 opponents.

2月6日，在女子冰球小组赛中，中国队以2比1战胜日本队。图源新华社

China beat Japan 2-1 in women’s ice hockey group stage, 6th Feb. Shot by Xinhua News Agency

自北京携手张家口成功申办2022年冬奥会以来，“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”的口号逐步推进，国内的冰雪运动加快了“南展西扩东进”步伐，冰雪运动在越来越多的城市和地区落地开花，地处热带和亚热带气候区的广东也在掀起“冰雪热”。

Since Beijing and Zhangjiakou successfully bid for the 2022 Winter Olympics, the slogan of "involving more than 300 million Chinese people in snow and ice activities" has been gradually promoted, and ice and snow sports are becoming increasingly popular in the south, east, and west of China. As ice and snow sports set foot and thrive in more and more cities and regions, Guangdong, located in the tropical and subtropical climate zone, is also in the "ice and snow fever".

南国人走近冰雪运动

此前从来没有一位选手参与冬奥的广东，不仅为北京冬奥的赛场输送了优秀的参赛选手，让更多人与冰雪结缘，也是广东一直在努力的方向。

Guangdong, where no athlete has participated in the Winter Olympics previously, has delivered excellent players to Beijing this time. Meanwhile, Guangdong has been working on involving more people in ice and snow.

在我国天然冰雪资源稀缺的南方地区，人们对冰雪运动有种天然的好奇和向往，但是却很难有机会接触或参与到冰雪运动。据凤凰网广东综合2018年2月报道，广东省共有冰场15家，在深圳有小型室内滑雪场1个。而广东省冰雪运动协会的最新数据显示，截至目前，广东共有室内冰雪场馆20家左右，场馆总面积约12万平方米。

People from southern China live with scarce ice and snow resources and have a natural curiosity and desire for such sports, but they can barely be exposed to or participate in them. There are 15 ice rinks in Guangdong Province, and one small indoor ski resort in Shenzhen, according to Phoenix.com.cn in February 2018. As of now, Guangdong Ice and Snow Sports Association’s latest data shows that there are about 20 indoor ice and snow rinks in Guangdong, with a total area of about 120,000 square meters.

广东人小天表示，在祖国大陆最南端长大的她，过去21年的生活属于是与雪隔绝，日常活动与“冰雪”毫不相关。她笑称，滑旱冰、玩普通滑板好像才是广东常见的打开方式。“我要是个北方人，我可能隔三差五就会跑去滑雪的！”直到今年，小天才第一次踏入了室内的滑雪场。

Native Cantonese Xiao Tian said that growing up in the southernmost part of China, she was isolated from snow in the past 21 years, with no daily activities related to snow and ice. She laughed and said that roller skating and regular skateboarding seemed to be the common way of sports in Guangdong. "If I were a northerner, I'd probably go skiing every other day!" However, it wasn't until this year that she stepped into an indoor ski resort for the first time.

户外滑冰场，图源央广网

Outdoor skating rink. Shot by cnr.cn

在广州上大学的北方人高雨在小学时学校组织去植物园滑冰，“也没有什么人教，就先站在那儿稳住一个小时，然后两腿一交替就滑起来了。”来了广州后她没再滑过冰，她也曾邀请过广东同学一起去滑冰，但他们的热情似乎并不太高，“感觉冰雪运动很多时候不是大家娱乐的首选项”。

Gao Yu, a northerner who went to college in Guangzhou, went to a skating trip organized by his elementary school to the botanical garden." There was no one to teach. I just stood there and kept balance for an hour, then shift my legs and slide up." She hasn't skated since she came to Guangzhou, and she has invited her Cantonese classmates to skate with her, but they had limited enthusiasm, "I feel that ice and snow sports are not usually the first choice for recreation".

但随着“冬奥热”的来袭，广东的冰雪运动氛围有了很大的改变。据广州融创雪世界的工作人员介绍，他们的消费者中滑雪以19-40岁年龄段的青年中年客群为主，男女性别比例大体上趋于持平状态。娱雪消费者以家庭亲子客群（即26-40岁年龄段携儿童)为主。滑雪消费也呈现出全龄化的趋势，不仅仅越来越多的小朋友加入到学习滑雪中，中老人学习滑雪群体也呈现增长的趋势。

Nevertheless, hit by the "Winter Olympics fever", the atmosphere of ice and snow sports in Guangdong's has changed a lot. According to the staff of Guangzhou Rongchuang Snow World, their consumers are mainly young to middle-aged customers of19-40 years old, and the gender ratio tends to be equal in general. The majority of snow consumers are families including adults aged 26-40 with children. Also, there is an all-age trend in ski consumption. More and more children learn to ski, while the number of elderly people skiing is increasing as well.

小天说，如今在滑雪场里总能见到很多小朋友，有不少已经是个小高手，简单的滑行都不在话下。还有不少跟着教练或者家长练习，流畅的动作让她自愧不如。以前去溜冰场的时候，也遇到过一些小朋友跟着教练学习冰球，“能在南方地区看到家长们愿意培养小朋友冰雪上的兴趣爱好，还是感觉挺神奇的”。

Xiao Tian said, she always saw a lot of children now in the ski resort. Quite a lot were already small masters, for whom simple skating is a piece of cake. Many other kids are following the coach or parents to practice, and their smooth movementsmade her feel ashamed. She also met some children learning ice hockey from the coach once on skiing. "It’s amazing to see that here in the south, parents are willing to cultivate their children's interests in ice and snow".

华南师范大学附属花都学校的学生们在进行技巧训练 图源南方周末

Students from Huadu School Affiliated to South China Normal University are training their skills. Shot by Southern Weekly

如今，广东的孩子们已经能够在家门口玩真冰真雪，甚至在自己的学校就可以在真冰真雪运动场上，参加冰雪运动。据广州日报此前报道，2020年12月，华南师范大学附属花都学校建成广东省首家全天候高山滑雪训练馆。花都华附目前组建的146人滑雪队，覆盖一到八年级，每天下午放学后和周末均开展训练。滑雪已成为花都华附的特色课程。而滑冰基础课也成为了番禺执信普通的体育课，每节滑冰基础课的授课人数会控制在12人-15人，配有一名教练和两名助教。每月约有700人次上冰，冰雪运动馆成为了学校“最火热”的地方。

Today, children in Guangdong are able to play on real ice and snow at home, even in their own schools’ sports field. As previously reported by Guangzhou Daily, the first all-weather alpine ski training hall in Guangdong Province was built at Huadu School affiliated to South China Normal University in December 2020. The ski team containing 146 students established by Huadu School currently covers grade one to eight, with training every afternoon after school and on weekends. Skiing has become the special course of Huadu School. The basic skating class has become a regular P.E. class at Xinghewan Panyu Zhixin middle school as well, with 12-15 students, one coach and two assistants per class. There are about 700 people training on ice every month, and the ice gym has become the "hottest" place in the school.

“冰雪热”能否继续？

冬奥会之后，广东的“冰雪热”仍在持续。深圳昆仑鸿星冰球俱乐部总监王思腾在接受谷河青年采访时提到，冬奥会之后散滑客户“翻倍的增长，原来可能一天只有三四十人，现在有一百多人”。

After the Winter Olympics, Guangdong's "ice fever" is still going on. Wang Siteng, director of Shenzhen Kunlun Hongxing Ice Hockey Club, mentioned about the individual customers in an interview with media. He said that after the Winter Olympic the number will be doubled, “originally, there may be only 30 to 40 people per day, but now there are more than 100 people.”

这股热潮与政策导向有着密切的关系。冬奥会申办成功以来，国家先后制定了冰雪运动发展的多项规划，以“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”，希望通过增加冰雪体育场馆数量和冰雪赛事活动数量提高冰雪产业总规模。

This boom is closely related to the government policy. Since the successful bid for the Winter Olympics, the country has formulated a number of plans for the development of ice and snow sports to "involving more than 300 million Chinese people in snow and ice activities", attempting to raise the total scale of the ice and snow industry by increasing the number of ice and snow stadiums, events, and activities.

在传统印象里，北方才是冰雪运动的天下。但是1月12日国家统计局发布的“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”统计调查报告显示，南方地区冰雪运动参与人数为1.61亿，北方地区为1.86亿。南方地区人口基数大，冰雪运动的消费市场更加广阔。广东则在中国研究院和马蜂窝旅游联合发布的《中国冰雪旅游消费大数据报告（2022）》中位居冰雪旅游热门省份第十位。

Despite the traditional impression that the north is the paradise of ice and snow sports, the "Report of Involving More Than 300 Million Chinese People in Snow and Ice Activities" released by National Bureau of Statistics January 12 shows that the number of ice and snow sports participants in the southern region is 161 million, while the number in northern region is 186 million. The southern region has a large population, then the consumer market for ice and snow sports is much broader. Guangdong ranks 10th in the popular provinces for ice and snow tourism in the "China Ice and Snow Tourism Consumption Data Report (2022)" jointly released by China Research Institute and Ma Honeycomb Travel.

室内滑雪场 图源广州融创乐园官网

Indoor ski resort. Shot by guangzhoupark.sunacctg.com

目前广东省已建成冰雪运动场地20个，其中滑冰场地16个、滑雪场地4个。华南师范大学教授谭建湘曾在采访中从成本的角度出发考虑，指出广东在冰上项目有更大的发展空间。暨南大学体育学院运动训练系主任吴延年则认为，规模更大、相对更专业的滑雪场可能是南方冰雪运动发展的一个更大的趋势，也更能满足南方消费者希望在家门口参与冰雪运动的需求。建成于2019年6月的广州融创雪世界是华南地区冰雪季热度最高的景区。广州融创雪世界的工作人员吴女士在接受谷河青年采访时表示目前累计接待客流总量超200万人次，“整体相较去年有比较明显的增长”。

Up to now, there has been 20 ice and snow sports venues built in Guangdong Province, including 16 ice skating venues and 4 skiing venues. Tan Jianxiang, a professor at South China Normal University, has pointed out in an interview that Guangdong has more room for development in ice sports from the perspective of cost. Wu Yannian, director of the Department of Sports Training at the School of Physical Education of Jinan University, believes that larger, relatively more professional ski resorts may be a greater trend in the development of ice and snow sports in the south, which enable to meet the needs of southern consumers who want to participate in ice and snow sports at home. Guangzhou Rongchuang Snow World, built in June 2019, is the most popular scenic spot in South China during the ice and snow season. Ms. Wu, a staff of Rongchuang, told Guhe Media that the total reception volume currently exceeds 2 million, which is "a relatively significant overall growth compared to last year."

但是冬奥会之后，广东的“冰雪热”会变冷吗？

王思腾则认为广州和深圳人群都比较年轻，“相对来说对新事物的接受度更高，对冰雪运动接受度也高。”“带动三亿人参与冰雪运动”统计调查报告也验证了这一点，18-30岁居民的冰雪运动参与率达37.27%，31-40岁居民参与率为34.86%。庞大的客户群体意味着巨大的消费潜力，但是冰雪运动要持续发展需要整条产业链的完善。

But after the Winter Olympics, will Guangdong's "ice and snow fever" last?

Wang Siteng believes that people in Guangzhou and Shenzhen are younger, "relatively more receptive to new things, and their acceptance of ice and snow sports is also high." This is also verified by the "Report of Involving More Than 300 Million Chinese People in Snow and Ice Activities", which shows that the participation rate of 18-30 in ice and snow sports is 37.27% and 34.86% for 31-40. A large customer group means huge consumption potential, but the sustainable development of ice and snow sports requires the improvement of the entire industry chain.

冰雪产业链上游包括冰雪场建设和冰雪器材装备，中游包括场地运营管理，冰雪运动及培训和冰雪相关产品，下游包括冰雪赛事和旅游。在场地方面，广东没有自然冰雪场地，全天候维持场地运作需要大量的能源支撑。并且随着消费者运动技能水平的提高，自然滑雪场更能满足他们的需求。谭建湘建议发展超低温发电技术，将发电产生的冷能通过存储应用于室内冰馆或雪场的建设。自然滑雪场则需要通过科技手段进行升级改造。

The upstream of the ice and snow industry chain includes rink construction and equipment, the midstream includes venue operation and management, sports and training, and related products, while the downstream includes ice and snow events and tourism. In terms of venues, Guangdong does not have natural ice and snow fields, and maintaining them around the clock requires plenty of energy to support. Moreover, as consumers' skill level increases, natural skiing venues are more capable to meet their needs. Tan Jianxiang suggested the development of ultra-low temperature power generation technology, the cold energy generated by power generation through storage applied to the construction of indoor ice museum or snow field. Natural ski resorts, on the other hand, need to be upgraded by means of technology.

在产业中游，广州融创雪世界方面表示，他们正围绕赛事核心打造多样化的冰雪活动，并推进冰雪运动进校园，“我们也希望联合更多上下游企业、行业协会和政府端资源，共同推动区域冰雪产业融合发展。”国家体育总局发布的《“十四五”体育发展规划》指出，缺乏自然环境条件的可以发展“冰雪旱地化”，例如越野滑轮，旱地冰球和陆地轮滑等课程，冬季项目也能在夏季发展。

In the midstream of the industry, Guangzhou Rongchuang Snow World said they are creating diversified ice and snow activities around the core of the events, and promoting ice and snow sports in schools at the same time, "We also hope to unite more upstream and downstream enterprises, industry associations and government resources to jointly promote the integrated development of the regional ice and snow industry." The "14th Five-Year" Sports Development Plan released by the State General Administration of Sports points out that the places where lack natural environmental conditions can"drylandize the ice and snow sports", such as cross-country rollerblading, dryland ice hockey and land roller skating courses. As such, winter projects can also be conducted in summer.

根据中国研究院和马蜂窝旅游联合发布的《中国冰雪旅游消费大数据报告（2022）》，冰雪旅游人数和收入逐年增长，预计到“十四五”规划末期的2025年，我国冰雪旅游人数将超过5亿人次，冰雪旅游收入超过1.1万亿元，冰雪旅游将成为我国冬季旅游和冰雪经济的核心引擎。然而必须看到，冰雪旅游发展的主力军还是北方冰雪大省。

According to the "China Snow and Ice Tourism Consumption Report (2022)" jointly released by China Research Institute and Ma Honeycomb Travel, the number of snow and ice tourism and revenue has increased year by year, and it is expected that by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan" in 2025, the number of snow and ice tourism in China will exceed 500 million, with more than 1.1 trillion yuan revenue. Related tourism will become the core drive of China's winter tourism and snow and ice economy. However, it must be seen that the main force in the development of ice and snow tourism is still the northern ice and snowy provinces.

“虽然体验了滑雪，但还是室内的，我还是很想去室外的真正的雪场玩。”小天早在三年前就和朋友计划要到北方或是国外去体验在室外滑雪的感觉，但由于疫情影响，这个计划迟迟没有提上日程。

"Although I tried skiing, it was still indoor. I want to play in a real snow field." As early as three years ago, Xiaotian and his friends planned to go to the north or abroad to experience skiing outdoors, but due to the impact of the pandemic, this plan was delayed on the agenda.

作为广东人，小天很欣喜地看到越来越多的室内溜冰场和滑雪场建成，让南方人有了体验冰雪运动的机会，但这距离她向往的体验，总还是少了些真实感。不过，她相信，随着冰雪文化和相关产业链在南方逐步发展成熟，未来，广东的冰雪运动的推广和普及一定会有更大的进步。

As a Cantonese, Xiaotian is pleased to see more and more indoor skating rinks and ski resorts, so that southerners have the opportunity to experience snow sports. But this is far from the experience she aspires to, it’s less real, after all. However, she believes that with the gradual development and maturation of ice and snow culture and related industrial chain in the south, the promotion and popularization of ice and snow sports in Guangdong will definitely have greater progress in the future.

Reference : People's Daily Online, China Research Institute & Ma Honeycomb Travel, The 21st Century Business Herald, The First Financial Report, Guangdong Sports, China Business Industry Research Institute, the State General Administration of Sports, Phoenix Guangdong,Southern Metropolis Weekly

Translated by Wu Haoyi(吴浩旖) 、 Shi Yimin(施毅敏) 、 Fan Xueyin(樊雪吟)